Rwendo rurefu rwekotoni kuenda kumakemikari kugadzira

Cotton chinhu chekare chekugadzira machira, asi kubva panguva yainotorwa kubva pamuti wekotoni, inofanirwa kufamba rwendo rurefu rwekugadzirisa makemikari.

Saizi yezvinhu:

Cotton inongotorwa sebhora redonje uye haigone kugadzirwa zvakananga muzvipfeko. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti zvipfeko zvinogadzirwa nekucheka nekusonanidza jira, iro rinoumbwa neshinda imwe chete, iyo inogadzirwa neshinda imwe chete yeshinda.

Tinoda kukama mabhora edonje kuita faibha imwe yedonje tichishandisa muchina wemucheka, asi machira edonje akatsetseka zvekuti anotsemuka zviri nyore panguva yekukweva muchina uye hapana nzira yekuaruka kuita machira. Soa layer ye saizi (yakagadziridzwa starch sizing + PVA polyvinyl doro, CMC carboxymethyl cellulose, PA polyacrylate) inoda kuiswa kune shinda kuti ipe firimu rekudzivirira kudzivirira kutyoka, uye zvakare kuchengetedza hubvudzi hweshinda padhuze neshinda. , kuderedza kukwesha nekuvandudza shinda yemhando.

Kana machira edonje asingaverengeki aumbwa kuita chidimbu chimwe chete chemucheka wedonje, inofanira kutumirwa kufekitari inodhinda nekudhaya kuti igadziriswe.

Chidimbu chejira chinowanzopfuura nematanho matatu: pre-treatment - dhayi - kupedza

Pre-kurapa:

Paste inobatsira pakuruka, asi inokuvadza pakudhaya. Kana iyo yepamusoro yefiber yakavharwa zvakasimba nefirimu yehuputi, dhayi haigoni kupinda mukati mefiber kuti idhaye uye zvino inofanirwa kurapa pulp kusati kwave kudhayiwa.

Saka tinofanira kushandisa hotcaustic soda NaOH kunyungudutsa slurry mumvura yakanaka-inonyunguduka sodium munyu, uye someJFC permeate (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) kubatsira kunyungudutsa zviri nani. Danho iri rinonzi deizing.

Cotton inongorimwa, saka ine yakawanda, yakawanda tsvina, kusanganisira pectin, waxes, cottonseed hulls, inorganic munyu, pigments, madota, nitrogenous zvinhu uye zvichingodaro. Tsvina iyi inoita kuti utachiona hwedonje huve yero uye hukavharwa nemateko emhodzi yedonje nhema.

Izvo zvino zvakakosha kuwedzera iyo oxidising agenthydrogen peroxide H2O2 kuti ichenese pigment, uye panguva imwechete kubvisa yakasvibira mhodzi dzekotoni, caustic soda NaOH andsodium bisulphite NaHSO3 inowedzerwa kuti iite pamwe nemapoka ephenolic hydroxyl mu lignin kuti abudise zvinobuda izvo. zviri nyore kunyungudika mualkali. Danho iri rinonzi refining bleaching.

Huwandu hwe caustic soda yakashambadzirwa kana kudyiwa ne100 g yekotoni fiber 

Nokuti hydrogen peroxide anogona nyore catalyzed nesimbi ions simbi uye mhangura mumvura kuitika kusashanda kuora, kuti donje embryo jira kwete chete kwete bleached asiwo nokuda kwechisimba kuita uye kuita maburi mujira, saka zvakare. addsodium silicate Na2SiO3, EDTA, sodium hexametaphosphate kuti adsorb aya simbi ions kudzivirira kuitika kwesimbi ion catalytic phenomenon.

Dyeing.

Dhayi dzakasiyana zvachose nepigment, uye ndicho chisungo chakasimba pakati pedhayi nechipfeko chinoita kuti ruvara rurege kubuda mukuwacha kwezuva nezuva uye kuti ruvara rwehembe harusvibise munhu.

Iko kusanganiswa kwe pigment uye fiber yekupenda nekunyora haina kunyanya kudiwa; zvakakwana kuva neruvara.

Kune marudzi matatu edhayi anowanzo shandiswa pashinda dzedonje: dhayi dzakananga, dhayi dzinoshanda uye dhayi dzekudzikisa. Vose vanobatana nekotoni fiber nenzira dzakasiyana.

Madhayi akananga: akachajiswa zvisina kunaka, nepo machira edonje achichajwawo zvisina kunaka mumhinduro dzine aqueous nekuti ane akawanda hydroxyl-OH uye carboxylic acid mapoka - COOH, zvichikonzera kurambana. Saka zvakakosha kuwedzera iyoSodium sulfate Na2SO4, iyo ine diki ionic radius uye inochajiswa zvakanaka, kuti iite neutralize zvinhu zvemagetsi uye kuderedza mutual charge repulsion, uye ipapo iyo yakananga dyestuff inovimba neayo van der Waals masimba uye hydrogen zvisungo kuti. sunga padhuze neshinda dzedonje.

Reactive dyes: anonziwo reactive dhayi, aya madhayi ane ese ari maviri vinylsulfone uye homotriazine mapoka paari, ese anogona kutsiviwa nehydroxyl-OH pa cellulose kuti ibudise yakagadzikana covalent bond. Nekudaro, iyo substitution reaction inofanirwa kunge iri papH: 11 kuti iite zvizere, sodium carbonate Na2CO3 inoda kuwedzerwa kuti igadzirise kune alkaline pH.

Dhayi dzekudzikisa: Kazhinji dzakasimba, saka hapana nzira yekudzidhaya yakananga pashinda dzedonje, saka isu tinofanirwa kuwedzera Sodium dithionite (sodium hydrosulfite) neRongalit hupfu (sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate) kuita dhayi dzekudzikisa kuita soluble cryptic sodium munyu, iyo inogona kunyungudutswa mumvura uye yakadhayiwa pamafibers, uye yozoiswa mumhepo kuti ishandise oxygen kana kuwedzera hydrogen peroxide H202 kuti idzore oxidise iyo cryptic sodium munyu Kudhaya kunopedzwa nekuisazve reoxidising iyo recessive dyestuff kune insoluble reductive dyestuff mu. mhepo kana nekuwedzera hydrogen peroxide H202.

Kuderedza dhayi hakuperi pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu, saka zvakanyanya kuoma kurasikirwa nemuvara.

Mushure mekudhaya, pachine huwandu hukuru hweruvara rwakayangarara pamusoro pejira redonje, saka nhamba huru yezvemakomisheni inodiwa kugeza jira iri reruvara runoyangarara kure uye kudzivirira ruvara rwakagezwa kubva pakusvibisa jira, saka akasiyana akasiyana surfactants anoda kushandiswa kusanganisa washing zvakare.

Mushure mekugeza, zvakakosha kushandisa anactive color fixing agent (quaternary ammonium salt compound), iyo inogona kuita uye kusanganiswa nedhayi, ichiita kuti isanyanya kunyunguduka kana kuvhara pamusoro penguvo zvakananga nefirimu, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakaoma kune dhayi. kubuda.

Nekuwedzerwa kwemuvara wekugadzirisa mumiriri, kuvandudzwa kwekukurumidza kuenzaniswa nemuvara usina chinhu uri pachena.

Post kupera:

Micheka yese yakarukwa kubva kune shinda, asi zvimiro zvemucheka ≠ zvimiro zvefiber pachazvo.

Printer uye madhaya anogona kupfekedza machira muafluorocarbon polymer solution uye, kuburikidza neimwe nzira yekubikira, anogona kugadzira machira edonje anodzinga mvura, sekutsanangura kwandinoita muchinyorwa chino (ndeipi iyo organic solvents isinganyungudika pamwe chete uye isinganyungudika mumvura?)

Izvi zvinovandudza mashandiro emachira uye zvinozivikanwa muindasitiri yedu seaprinting uye dhayi anobatsira.

Manzwiro echipfeko achadzikira nekuwachiswa kwakawanda nekuda kwekuti iyo inopfava muhembe inoderera nekuwacha kwakawanda.

Zvinyoro zvinyoro zvinosanganisira cationic softeners uye silicone softeners. Cationic surfactants zvakare ndiwo mabikiro makuru mumagadzirirwo ebvudzi, achitsamira zvakanyanya pama hydrophobic agents kuti abatanidze kune mafiber uye hydrophilic mapoka ane cationic charge inodzosera mumwe nemumwe kudzikisa kukakavara.

Mhedzisiro yesilicone yekunyorovesa mafuta inozonyanya kutaurwa, sezvo simba rinodiwa kutenderedza Si-O silicone okisijeni bond mumafuta esilicone rinenge zero, uye mapoka maviri emethyl pa dimethyl silicone oiri zvakare anotora nzvimbo yakakura. , achibvumira mafibhi kuti awedzere kureba kwavo kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, nokudaro achivandudza kupfava.

Silicone oiri structural formula

Isingapindi mvura, yakapfava, kuchinja kweruvara, antibacterial, inonhuwira, inodzoreredza moto, anti-wrinkle, kuchena, kusviba, kuwedzera uremu, fluorescent, inodzinga mosquito, nezvimwewo, iwe chete haugone kufunga nezvazvo, kwete iwe haugone kuzviita, uye izvi zvese zvinogona kuwanikwa nekuwedzera zvakasiyana kudhinda uye kudhaya zvinowedzera.