Paj rwb txoj kev mus ntev rau kev ua tshuaj

Paj Rwb yog cov khoom siv textile qub heev, tab sis txij li lub sijhawm nws tau khaws los ntawm tsob ntoo paj rwb, nws yuav tsum tau taug kev ntev ntawm kev ua tshuaj.

Sizing khoom:

Paj rwb tsuas yog khaws los ua ib pob paj rwb thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua ncaj qha rau hauv khaub ncaws. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov khaub ncaws yog tsim los ntawm kev txiav thiab xaws ua ke ntaub, uas yog ua los ntawm ib tug tib strand ntawm yarn, uas nyob rau hauv lem yog ua los ntawm ib tug tib strand ntawm fiber.

Peb yuav tsum txhuam cov paj rwb rau hauv ib lub paj rwb fiber ntau los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab textile, tab sis cov paj rwb fibers zoo heev uas lawv tawg yooj yim heev thaum lub tshuab traction thiab tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los weave rau hauv daim ntaub. Soa txheej ntawm sizing (hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab + PVA polyvinyl cawv, CMC carboxymethyl cellulose, PA polyacrylate) yuav tsum tau siv rau cov xov paj kom muab cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tawg, thiab tseem ua kom cov plaub hau ntawm cov xov paj ze rau cov fibers. , txo kev sib txhuam thiab txhim kho cov xov paj zoo.

Thaum suav tsis txheeb cov paj rwb yarns tau tsim rau hauv ib daim ntawm paj rwb ntaub, nws yuav tsum tau xa mus rau lub chaw luam ntawv thiab dyeing Hoobkas rau kev ua.

Ib daim ntaub feem ntau mus txog 3 kauj ruam: ua ntej kho - dyeing - xov

Kev kho mob ua ntej:

Paste yog qhov zoo thaum xaws, tab sis muaj teeb meem thaum dyeing. Thaum lub ntsej muag ntawm lub fiber yog nruj nreem npog los ntawm ib zaj duab xis ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, cov dyeing tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov fiber ntau kom dye nws thiab tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau kho cov tawv nqaij ua ntej dyeing tom ntej.

Yog li peb yuav tsum siv cov dej qab zib kub kub NaOH kom yaj cov slurry rau hauv cov dej zoo-soluble sodium ntsev, thiab qee cov JFC permeate (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) los pab yaj kom zoo dua. Cov kauj ruam no yog hu ua desizing.

Paj rwb yog ib txwm cog, yog li nws muaj ntau, ntau yam impurities, suav nrog pectin, waxes, cottonseed hulls, inorganic ntsev, pigments, tshauv, nitrogenous tshuaj thiab lwm yam. Cov impurities no ua rau cov kab mob paj rwb daj thiab npog hauv cov paj rwb dub husks.

Tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ntxiv cov oxidising agenthydrogen peroxide H2O2 los ntxuav cov xim, thiab tib lub sij hawm kom tshem tawm cov blackened cottonseed hulls, caustic soda NaOH thiabsodium bisulphite NaHSO3 ntxiv rau react nrog phenolic hydroxyl pawg nyob rau hauv lignin los tsim derivatives uas. yog yooj yim soluble nyob rau hauv alkali. Cov kauj ruam no yog hu ua refining bleaching.

Tus nqi ntawm caustic soda adsorbed los yog noj 100 g ntawm paj rwb fiber 

Vim tias hydrogen peroxide tuaj yeem yooj yim catalyzed los ntawm cov hlau ions ntawm cov hlau thiab tooj liab hauv dej kom tshwm sim tsis zoo decomposition, yog li ntawd cov paj rwb embryo tsis yog tsuas yog bleached, tab sis kuj yog vim muaj kev kub ntxhov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ua rau lub qhov nyob rau hauv daim ntaub, thiaj li. addsodium silicate Na2SiO3, EDTA, sodium hexametaphosphate rau adsorb cov hlau ions los tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm hlau ion catalytic phenomenon.

Dyeing.

Dyes yog txawv kiag li los ntawm cov xim, thiab nws yog ib tug muaj zog daim ntawv cog lus ntawm thedye thiab cov tsoos tsho uas ua kom cov xim tsis poob tawm nyob rau hauv txhua txhua hnub ntxuav thiab cov xim ntawm lub tsoos tsho tsis stain tus neeg.

Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov xim thiab fiber ntau rau kev pleev xim thiab kev sau ntawv tsis yog qhov xav tau; nws yog txaus kom muaj xim.

Muaj peb hom dyes feem ntau siv rau paj rwb fibers: ncaj dyes, reactive dyes thiab txo dyes. Lawv txhua tus sib raug zoo rau cov paj rwb fiber ntau txoj hauv kev.

Direct dyes: tsis zoo them, thaum paj rwb fibers kuj tsis zoo nqi nyob rau hauv aqueous daws vim hais tias lawv muaj ntau hydroxyl-OH thiab carboxylic acid pawg - COOH, ua rau kev sib nrig sib repulsion. Yog li nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov Sodium sulfate Na2SO4, uas muaj lub vojvoog me me ionic thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, kom tsis txhob muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab txo cov nqi sib tw, thiab tom qab ntawd cov dyestuff ncaj qha tso siab rau nws tus kheej van der Waals rog thiab hydrogen bonds. kev sib raug zoo nrog cov paj rwb fibers.

Reactive dyes: tseem hu ua reactive dyes, cov dyes muaj ob qho tib si vinylsulfone thiab homotriazine pawg rau lawv, ob qho tib si tuaj yeem hloov tau nrog hydroxyl-OH ntawm cellulose los tsim cov nyiaj cog lus ruaj khov. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov pauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum nyob ntawm pH: 11 kom ua tiav tag nrho, sosodium carbonate Na2CO3 yuav tsum tau ntxiv los kho kom haum rau pH alkaline.

Txo cov dyes: Feem ntau lawv yog cov khoom, yog li tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los dye lawv ncaj qha mus rau hauv cov paj rwb fibers, yog li peb yuav tsum ntxivSodium dithionite (sodium hydrosulfite) thiab Rongalit hmoov (sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate) kom hnov ​​​​mob txo cov dyes rau hauv soluble cryptic sodium ntsev, uas tuaj yeem yaj hauv dej thiab dyed rau hauv cov fibers, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv huab cua kom siv oxygen lossis ntxiv hydrogen peroxide H202 kom rov oxidize cov cryptic sodium ntsev Cov dyeing yog tom qab ntawd ua tiav los ntawm reoxidising cov dyestuff recessive rau insoluble reductive dyestuff hauv cua lossis los ntawm kev ntxiv hydrogen peroxide H202.

Txo cov dyes tsis yaj nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, yog li nws nyuaj heev kom plam xim.

Tom qab dyeing, tseem muaj ntau cov xim ntab rau saum npoo ntawm cov paj rwb, yog li muaj ntau cov khoom siv surfactant yuav tsum tau ntxuav cov txheej ntawm cov xim ntab tam sim no thiab tiv thaiv cov xim uas ntxuav tawm ntawm cov ntaub rov qab, yog li muaj ntau yam sib txawv surfactants yuav tsum tau siv los muab cov tshuaj ntxuav dua.

Tom qab ntxuav, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj pleev xim tsis zoo (quaternary ammonium ntsev compound), uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thiab ua ke nrog cov zas xim, ua rau nws tsis tshua muaj kuab lom los yog npog lub ntsej muag ntawm cov khaub ncaws ncaj qha nrog zaj duab xis, ua rau nws nyuaj rau zas xim. kom tawm.

Nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov xim kho tus neeg sawv cev, kev txhim kho nrawm piv rau cov xim dawb yog pom tseeb.

Post finishing:

Cov ntaub yog txhua yam woven los ntawm cov xov paj, tab sis cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub ≠ cov khoom ntawm fibers lawv tus kheej.

Cov tshuab luam ntawv thiab cov dyers tuaj yeem impregnate fabrics nyob rau hauv afluorocarbon polymer tov thiab, los ntawm ib tug tej yam ci txheej txheem, yuav ua rau paj rwb fabrics dej repellent, raws li kuv piav nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no (dab tsi yog ob qho tib si organic solvents uas tsis sib haum xeeb thiab ob qho tib si insoluble nyob rau hauv dej?)

Qhov no txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub thiab paub nyob rau hauv peb kev lag luam raws li aprinting thiab dyeing auxiliaries.

Qhov kev xav ntawm cov khaub ncaws yuav deteriorate nrog ntau ntxhua yooj yim vim hais tias cov softener nyob rau hauv lub tsoos tsho yuav txo nrog ntau ntxhua.

Cov softeners muaj xws li cationic softeners thiab silicone softeners. Cationic surfactants tseem yog cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb hauv cov plaub hau txias, tso siab rau cov tshuaj hydrophobic los txuas rau cov fibers thiab hydrophilic pawg nrog cov cationic nqi uas cuam tshuam ib leeg los txo kev sib txhuam.

Cov nyhuv ntawm silicone roj softener yuav ua tau ntau tshaj, vim hais tias lub zog yuav tsum tau tig lub Si-O silicone oxygen daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv cov roj silicone yog yuav luag xoom, thiab ob pawg methyl ntawm dimethyl silicone roj kuj tuav ib tug loj spatial txoj hauj lwm. , cia cov fibers nce lawv qhov deb ntawm ib leeg, yog li txhim kho softness.

Silicone roj structural formula

Waterproof, mos, xim hloov, antibacterial, aromatic, nplaim retardant, anti-wrinkle, whitening, blackening, hnyav nce, fluorescent, tshuaj yoov tshaj cum, thiab lwm yam, tsuas yog koj tsis xav txog, tsis muaj koj ua tsis tau, thiab qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev ntxiv cov luam ntawv sib txawv thiab dyeing additives.